The other day, I came across a BusinessWeek article describing the measures that California has taken to curb their appetite for energy in the wake of their recent energy crisis.
Those West Coast hippies might enjoy regulation a little too much, but at least this time they're pushing in the right direction. State building codes now require fluorescent lighting, which is generally more efficient than incandescent lighting, for new construction and remodels. They have a system of rebates to encourage the purchase of high-efficiency appliances where it helps most: HVAC and refrigerators. They are pushing to require white roofs, which will save quite a bit of energy (via reduced cooling costs) in places that are both hot and sunny.
The only thing mentioned in the article that I don't agree with is renewable-energy requirements for electrical utilities. I think that such demands should be pulled by consumers, not pushed out by producers. If using dino fuel has 'external' costs associated with it (securing Arabian oil fields, treating pollution from coal plants, etc.), then quantify that cost and add an appropriate (and strictly limited in scope!) tax.
Overall, though, it seems California is headed in the right direction wrt energy conservation and independence. For once, I wish the rest of the country (and world) would follow its lead.